The Ballistic Performance of the Bombard Mons Meg

Abstract

The bombard Mons Meg was used in both military and ceremonial roles in Scotland until its barrel burst in 1680. This paper examines the history, and internal, external and terminal ballistics of the cannon and its shot. The likely muzzle velocity was estimated by varying the propellant type and the cannon profile was investigated to identify weak spots in the design that may have led to its failure. Using the muzzle velocity calculated from the internal ballistics, simulations were performed with granite and sandstone shot for varying launch angle and ground temperature. The likely trajectory and range of the cannonballs are described. The internal and external ballistics provided initial conditions for the terminal ballistic impact scenarios. The performance of the cannonball against both period and modern targets are presented and discussed. The full paper will be published in Defence Technology Volume 12 Issue 2.